Evaluation of Antidiabetic Potentials of Morus mesozygia Linn. Stapf., Leaf Extracts in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Aim: The aim of this study therefore was to evaluate the antidiabetic potentials of Morus mesozygia Linn. Stapf., Leaf extrcts in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.

Study Design: The study is an experimental case-controlled study.

Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at the Biochemistry Research Laboratory, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria, between June 2018-April 2019.

Methodology: A total of 65 male albino rats that weighed between 150g to 200g were used for this research study. Three different extracted solvents; aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic leaves extracts were administered to different groups of the rats. The male albino rats for this study were induced with a single dose of 40mg/kg b.wt, intraperitoneally of streptozotocin in 0.1M of citrate buffer, pH 4.5. The diabetic male rats were those whose fasting blood glucose (FBG) was from 250 mg/dl or 13 mmol/L and above.

Results: The results showed that there were significant decreases (p<0.05) in, FBG, increased insulin and increased C-peptide and increased HOMA-IR concentration of induced diabetic male rats treated orally with 400 mg/kg of MMLS., when compared with the values of the diabetic male rats in treated orally with 200 mg/kg of MMLS., and non-significant decrease(p<0.05) in FBG, HOMA-IR increased insulin, increased C-peptide concentrations in the diabetic male rats treated orally for 30 days with 400 mg/kg in dose of methanolic leaves extracts of MMLS., in the group treated with 400 mg/kg methanol, when compared to the concentration of diabetic male in treated orally for 30 days with 200 mg/kg of methanolic leaves extracts of MMLS. Compared likewise with that treated with 100mg/kg of metformin standard drug. There were also significant decrease (p<0.05) in FBG, HOMA-IR, C-peptide and increased insulin concentrations in diabetic male rats treated with 200 mg/kg in dose of ethanolic and methanolic leaves extracts of MMLS., when compared with the values in the diabetic male rats treated orally with 400 mg/kg in dose of ethanolic and methanolic leaves extracts of MMLS., compared with values of diabetic male rats treated orally with 100mg/kg in dose of metformin standard drugs compared with the controls.

Conclusion: From the findings of this study, we conclude that streptozotocin increased FBG levels, while the Methanolic, ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Morus mesozygia Linn. S improved FBG, C-peptide, insulin and HOMA levels in a dose-dependent manner, with the methanolic extract having the best ameliorative effect, probably due to its more phytochemical composition.