Analysis of blood coagulation indexes, thromboelastogram and autoantibodies in patients with recurrent pregnancy loss

Objectives: Changes in coagulation indexes, thromboelastogram(TEG) and autoantibodies in patients with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) with different number of abortions were analyzed.

Methods: Medical records of 48 patients with recurrent abortion, treated in Quzhou people’s Hospital from November 2019 to October 2020, were collected as the observation group. Based on the number of abortions, patients were divided into Group-A (Two abortions, n=21), Group-B (Three abortions, n=16) and group C (Abortion ≥ four times, n=11). Records of 50 healthy pregnant women in our hospital in the same period were selected as the control group. Coagulation indexes [prothrombin time (PT), activated partial prothrombin time (APTT), fibrinogen (FIB), D-Dimer (DD)], thromboelastogram (TEG) parameters [reaction time (R), coagulation time(K), maximum thrombus amplitude (MA), coagulation angle (α)], changes in the levels of autoantibodies [anticardiolipin antibody (ACA), anti-endometrial antibody (EmAb), anti-thyroid antibody(ATA)] were compared between the groups.

Results: There were significant differences in the levels of ATPP, Pt, FIB and DD among the groups. Higher number of abortions correlated with lower the levels of ATPP and Pt, and higher levels of FIB and DD (P<0.05). Compared to the control group, R and K in Group-A,B and C decreased, while α and MA increased (P<0.05). There were significant differences in α and MA indexes. The positive rates of ACA, EmAb and ATA in Group-A were higher than those in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05), while the above indexes in groups B and C were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). The positive rates of ACA and ATA in group C were significantly higher than those in Group-A(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the positive rate of EmAb (P>0.05).

Conclusion: RPL was related to the decrease of APTT, PT, and the increase of FIB and DD levels. TEG indicated that the increase of α and MA values indicated that the risk of multiple abortion was increased. The positive rates of ACA, EmAb and ATA were closely related to multiple abortions, especially the positive rates of ACA and ATA.