Factors Associated with Glycaemic Control among Diabetic Subjects in Essaouira Province, Morocco: A Cross-Sectional Study

Aims: The objectives of this study are to determine the frequency of poor glycaemic control, defined by a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) rate ≥ 7% in diabetic subjects in the province of Essaouira (Morocco), and to identify the associations between poor glycaemic control and socio-demographic, psychosocial, and pathology-related factors in the diabetic subject.

Study Design: This is a a quantitative analytical cross-sectional study.

Methodology : A face-to-face interview was conducted with 522 diabetic subjects followed at 12 health centers ,4 urban and 8 rural, in the province of Essaouira, between January and December 2020

Results: The mean age of the subjects was 57 years,78% female and 22% male. HbA1c was≥7% in 60% of cases. Rural residence (OR=2.75, 95% CI: 1.86-4.05), poor observance of medication (OR=5.57, 95% CI: 3.07-10.11), poor observance of hygiene and dietary rules (OR=4.1, 95% CI: 2.76-6.11), duration of diabetes more than 8,4 years (OR=1.96, 95% CI: 1.35-2.85), low monthly income (OR=1.96, 95% CI: 1.35-2.85) , were statistically associated with poor glycaemic control. On the other hand, being a member of a diabetes association (OR=2, 95% CI: 1.31-3.06) and having good support from family and friends (OR=1.96, 95% CI: 1.35-2.85) have positively influence glycaemic control.

Conclusion: More than half of the diabetic subjects had a poor glycaemic control, the diabetic subjects living in rural areas, having a poor observance of medication, having a poor observance of hygiene and dietary rules and having a duration of evolution of the disease more than 8,4 years are more susceptible to have glycaemic imbalance.